Valve mechanism



P. w. MURPHY.

VALVE MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1918.

1,402,946, Patented Jan. 10, 1922,,

ZSHEETS-SHEET I.

Pekrwjlvurpyy.

WW? 1 v a tlttmnup P. W. MURPHY.

VALVE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION mzo JULY 8. I918.

Patented Jan. 10,1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

8 1402 ml'oz Uhlt'l' STATES PETER W. MURPHY, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN,ASSIGNOR TO MURPHY ENGINEEILING (30., OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ACORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

VALVE MECHANISM;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 8, 1918. Serial No. 243,809.

T all to 720m it may concern Be it known that I, PETER W. MURPHY, acitizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in thecounty of i/Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Valve Mechanism, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a reversing valve gear for explosive enginesof a type wherein a set of cylinders are disposed around a main shaftwith the axes of the cylinders parallel to the shaft, the pistons of thecylinders being connected to the shaft so that the impulses causerotation of the latter. One feature of the valve mechanism is the use ofrotary valves and accurate timing of the intake and exhaust so as toproduce the most advantageous results.

T he invention consists in the matters hereafter set forth, and moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section, partially broken away and inelevation, of an explosive engine of the type stated, equipped with avalve mechanism that em bodies features of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in cross section taken on or about line II- II of Fig.1;

Fig. 3 is a view in cross section taken on or about line IIIIII of Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is a View in side elevation, partially broken away and insection, of the valve mechanism proper;

Fig. 5 is 'a view 'in end elevation and in detail of the valve mechanismshowing the parts disposed to cause a rotation of the engine in thedirection indicated by the arrow; and

F 6 is a similar view of the valve mechanism showing the parts disposedfor reversed rotation of the engine, as indicated by the arrow.

As herein indicated, a set of cylinders 1 encircles a main shaft. 2 withthe pistons 8 thereof connected to stems 4: and cam engaging mechanism 5with a cam block 6 keyed to the main shaft 2 or otherwise nonrotatablysecured thereto so that reciprocation of the piston causes rotation ofthe main shaft.

cylinder head 7 common to all Of the cylinders has a fuel intake passage8 opening into an annular chamber 9 formed in a barrel 1O encircling theshaft 2, the cylinders being shown cast en bloc, although obviously theymay be built up if desired.

A cylinder valve closure 11 is non-rotatably secured to the main shaftagainst the end face of the barrel which is counterbored to receive anelongated hub 12- having an annular duct 13 always in register with theintake chamber 9. Preferably, to reduce the end pressure a set ofanti-friction hearing balls are interposed. A segmental port 14 in theperiphery of the closure 11 is adapted to be brought successively intoregister with intake ports 15 of the cylinders as the shaft 2 turns.

A cap 16 on the head? has an exhaust pas sage 17 which is thrownsuccessively into communication with the ports 15 by the rotation of anexhaust closure 19 having a segmental port 20. Ball bearings 21 and 22reduce endwise friction between the parts.

A shifting sleeve 23 that is non-rotatable and longitudinallyreciprocable on the shaft 2 within the closure 19 has a cam path 32engaged by a stud 2% on the elongated hub 25 of the closure 19. Areversing lever 26 is pivoted on the cap 16 with a yoke portion thereofspanning a peripherally grooved flange 27 on the sleeve the leverinterlocking with a quadrant 28 and studs 29 o'fthe yoke entering theflanged groove.

In operation the intake valve is so set as to cause the proper ingressof fuel in relation to the piston movement. If the parts are asindicated in Fig. 1, the exhaust is open to the successive cylinders atthe conclusion of the explosion stroke of the piston, that is, aboutthree quarters of a revolution behind the intake opening movement, thisdistance varying according to any lap or lead that may be given to thevalves. Rotation of the engine in direction of the arrow A results. Ifreversal of direction is required, the lever is shifted on the quadrantto the other position, and the cam is so proportioned that the exhaustclosure is located on the shaft 180 degrees plus whatever is required togive the necessary lap. As a result the enginethen operates in a reversedirection.

A similar valve mechanism is provided at the other end of the shaft forthe other or opposing set of cylinders, if such be used, in whichinstance a link .30 connect-s the reversing lever 26 with acorresponding lever on the other side oppositely connected to an exhaustvalve sleeve in the same manner as described. V

As a result of this construction, a single valve closure controls theinlet to all the cylinders and a single closure likewise provides forthe properly timed exhaust, the direction of rotation being attained bythe relative position given the closure by the manipulation of thereversing lever. All the ports of the intake, which have to stand thepressure of the explosion are in the pe ripheral faces of the movingparts and in the main, the same is true of the exhaust closure andports, so that very slight leakage has to be provided for and the partsare readily machined and assembled as desired.

Obviously, changes in the details of construction may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention and I do not care to limitmyself to any particular for or arrangement of parts. 7

What I claim is 1. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable mainshaft, a set of cylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft,each provided with a single port adapted to open alternately into aninlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and anexhaust outlet both common to all the cylinders, pistons in thecylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotatethe latter, aninlet valve closure secured on the shaft and adapted to bring the inletports into communication successively to the inlet-chamber in timedrelation to the piston movement, and an exhaust valve closureindependently mounted on the shaft and adapted to bring the cylinderports successively into communication with the exhaust in timed relationto the piston movement and the action of the inlet valve closure wherebythe relative position of said inlet and exhaust closures is adapted tobe altered to reverse the direction of rotation of said engine.

2. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft, a set ofcylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft, each provided witha port adapted to open into an inlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet,an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all. thecylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaftto rotate the latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft andadapted to bring the inlet ports into communication respectively' withthe inlet chamber in timed relation to the piston movement, an exhaustvalve closure rotated by the shaft andadapted to bring the cylinderports successively into communication with the exhaust outlet, and meansto shift the position of the exhaust valve closure on the shaft inrelation to the other closure, to cause rotation of the shaft in eitherdirection.

3. An explosive engine comprising a r0- tatable main shaft, a set ofcylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft and each providedWith a port adapted to open into'an inlet chamber and into an exhaustoutlet, an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all thecylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaftto rotate the latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft andadapted to bring the inlet ports into communication respectively withthe inlet chamber in timed relation to the piston movement, an exhaustvalve closure mounted on the shaft and adapted to bring the cylinderports directly into communication with the exhaust outlet, and manuallyoperable means for turning the exhaust valve closure on the shaft andfixing the same.

I 4. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft, a set ofcylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft, each provided witha port adapted to open into an inlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet,an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all the cylinders,pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotatethe latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft and adapted tobring the inlet ports into communication successively with the inletchamber in timed relation to the piston movement, an exhaust valveclosure adapted to bring the cylinder ports successively intocommunication with the exhaust outlet, a cam sleeve non-rotatable andlongitudinally reciprocable on the shaft, on which the exhaust valveclosure is operatively mounted to shift its position when the sleeve ismoved longitudinally on ioo the shaft, and manually operable means forshifting the sleeve.

5. An explosive engine comprising a ro tatable main shaft and a centralchambered barrel, a set of cylinders disposed around said centralchambered barrel and parallel to said rotatable main shaft, said shaftbeing journaled rotatably through the barrel, each cylinder beingprovided with a single port adapted to open alternately into an inletchamber on the barrel and an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and anexhaust outlet common to all the cylinders, pistons in the cylindersoperatively connected to the shaft to rotate the latter, an inlet valveclosure secured on the shaft to turn in the barrel, and ported to bringthe inlet port 1nto communication with the inlet chamber successively intimed relation to the piston movement, and an exhaust valve closureseparately mounted on the shaft adapted to bring the cylinder portssuccessively into communication with the exhaust outlet in timedrelation to the operation of the piston and the other valve closurewhereby the relative position of said inlet and exhaust closures isadapted to be altered to reverse the direction of rotation of saidengine.

6. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft and a chamberedbarrel, a set of cylinders grouped around the chambered barrel parallelto the main shaft, said shaft being journaled through the barrel, a headcommon to the cylinders having an inlet in communication with the barrelchamber, and an exhaust outlet, a cam on the shaft, pistons in thecylinders operatively connected to the cam to turn the shaft, an inletvalve closure secured on the shaft in the barrel, ported to bring thecylinder ports successively into communication with the barrel chamberin timed relation to the piston movements, an exhaust valve closureadjustably mounted on the shaft ported to bring the cylinder ports intocommunication with the exhaust outlet in timed relation to the inletclosure action, and means to shift the exhaust valve closure in relationto the inlet closure to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft.

7. An explosive engine comprising a main shaft and a chambered barrel, aset of cylinders grouped around a chambered barrel parallel to a mainshaft, said shaft being journaled through the barrel, a head common tothe cylinders having an inlet in communication with the barrel chamber,and an exhaust outlet, a cam on the shaft, pistons in the cylindersoperatively COD nected to the cam to turn the shaft, an inlet valveclosure secured on the shaft in the barrel ported to bring the cylinderports successively into communication with the barrel chamber in timedrelation to the piston movements, an exhaust valve closure ported tobring the cylinder ports into communication with the exhaust outlet intimed relation to the inlet closure action, a cam sleeve non-rotatableand longitudinally re ciprocable on the shaft, on which the exhaustclosure is operatively mounted, and a reverse lever adapted to shift thecam sleeve and turn the exhaust closure to reverse the direction ofrotation of the shaft.

8. In an engine of the character described, a shaft, a set of cylindersdisposed around the shaft, an inlet closure for said cylinders securedto the shaft, an outlet closure for said cylinders operatively securedto the shaft and means to change the position of said outlet closurerelatively to said inlet closure to reverse the direction of rotation ofthe shaft.

9. In an engine of the character described, a rotatable shaft, a set ofcylinders disposed around the shaft, inlet and outlet closures for saidcylinders mounted upon and rotatable with the shaft and means to changethe position of one closure relatively to the other closure to reversethe direction of rotation of the shaft.

10. An engine of the character described comprising a rotatable mainshaft, a set of cylinders disposed around said rotatable main shaft,pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotatethe shaft, an inlet closure secured to the shaft and adapted tocommunicate successively with the cylinders, an exhaust closure on theshaft, adapted to communicate successively with the cylinders in timedrelation to said inlet closure and means to change the position of theoutlet closure relatively to the inlet closure. I

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

PETER V. MURPHY.

Witnesses:

ANNA M. Donn, LEWrs E. FLANDERS.

